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Do Human Beings Have Souls?

October 11, 2026 · 51 min

Show notes

The majority of Americans believe that every human being has an immaterial soul, and they tend to base their sense of human dignity and equality on this belief. Yet the culture at large often operates under the assumption that physical reality is all there is. Which view is correct? In this episode of “The Permanent Questions,” self-described “spookiest” David Brooks talks with Shelly Kagan, a best-selling philosopher who insists souls do not exist—and that we don’t need them in order to embrace wonder, mystery, and human exceptionalism.

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All episodes of The Permanent Questions With David Brooks

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